Gas-generator.



G. AKERLUND.

GAS GENERATOR.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 2, 1912.

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CMEANY, GF ATLANTA', GEGRGE, In.

CORPRATIQN GF @.LS-GENEMT OR.,

Potente@ @et 2%,

Serial No. 675,003.

implication filed February $2, 191%.

To lll whom, it muy concern:

lle it known that l, GUsrAr AnunLUnu, u subject of the King ot Sweden, residing ut Atlante, county of Fulton, und ,Stute of Georgia, here invented certain new and useful improvements in Gus-Generators, ol which the following is u specification.

This invention relates to gas generators..

The pre ent invention relates to those gas generators .vhich are intended to. generate or reduce gus which intendeL to be sulose,n quently cooleil, cleuneil und purified by suituhle Ineens to condition it for consumption oy u engine or Jfor power purposes.

lt is generully :uiniitiecl that e single zone suction down ilruft gus generator or producer the simplest und easiest to operate, hut heretofore flilliculty has been experienced in this type o' generator on account of there heilig no provision for the supply ol' air to nil parts of the lire und consequently some or the coul misses through to the ashes in the forni oit eolze, thus materially reducing` the eliiciency of the producer.

The present invention has for its object the provision of it gas generator or producer having ineens lor admitting oir to all parte of the lire in manner `Without interfering with the uniform direction of" the draft, thereby insuring complete :incl thorough combustion und extraction' of all ol the gus troni the Yuel so that ull of the fuel is eventually converted into ashes.

The oreeoing object isl accomplished by the provision oi' means for introducing secn ontlury uir into and throughout the fire below' the upper zone or the fuel und through the coke zone and, further, to introduce secondary oir in the foregoin@ manner in connection with u central gas o1I-tuke which, in the clown cli-ruft `rgeneimtor or producer type oil the present invention, is located et the lower part thereof. l

n curryi-ng out that port vof the invention introduction of the secondary air to the fuel, l provide ineens for combining` vapor with the air so that oothere introduced into the fire.

A generator or the central gus oil-trike of the present invention may, 'or convenience und economy of use be alsoprovicle with u side uns ofi-take, but l. wish it 'understood that l dolnotv oon- Sider the side oli-take us producer provided with' y necessarily com-` vloined. with the center ofi-take, although 1n the present invention u new arrangement of ducts or pipes und valves muy loe employed whereby, if both side und center gils olitulies heproviclecl, one or the other muy he cut oil1 from the point ol' delivery of the gas `lroin the generator es muy he required.

The invention is not liniiteicl to the speci lie central gus off-take shown in the cli-:rulings and. hereinafter set forth, that :texture oi` the invention residing in. the provision oif u gus oli-take which will' receive the gus susstantially centrally of the ash zone of the producer. ln carrying out the various 'tentures of the invention, inoilii'ieutions oli-structure muy he' resorted-to Without tlepurting irorn the inode of' operation und the constructions set forth hereinafter und shown in the accompanying drawings are to loe considered us illustrative, rather than restrictive, of the invention.

ln the aceonipunying drawings:-Fiqure l is a vertical section; ll'ig. 2, u plan; Fig. 3, u 'luce View ol u certain vulve; und Fig. e, o horizontul section through s certain s The generator is preferably supported on u suitable concrete or other foundation l, in which is uy water pit 2- preferehly of circular form., und rising; centrally thereof is u sul)n stantiully conical eeh pier S. rlDhe generator is supported on pillars t., the lower metallic part 5 of the generator, which is in the .torni of shell, being immersed in lthe vWater in the pit 2 so that it is always protected against the heut und the seal is sufficiently deep to prevent the exhaust or suction which" muy he used 'in-connection Withv the generator or the system in which it is used, from breaking the seu-l at this point.

The generator' holes 7 anclzrny other or necessary sdpincts, aside from the inventions-Which it embodies und which are set forth hereinafter.

ln the lower part ofthe geiieretor'there is a tapering shell 8 which is surrounded by circuler shell 9, the two constituting the Wells of the vaporizer 10, containing Water which may be supplied in any suitable y manner.

, The side gas off-toire is shown at il.

Air is introduced into the space above the waterin the` lower or primary vuporizer through one or more induction pipes .l ein* bedded in the hriol Work of the proclueer enti the air entering these pipes is prehas a filling opening (l, poke :y

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` idle or when the draft generally set forth in heated by the heat from the fire before reaching the vaporizer; the pre-heated air mixes with the -vapor rising from the water and arises through one or more pipes 13 which communicate with the mixture in-tal e pipes 14 for directing the mixture of vapor and air into the generator. To control and regulate the discharge of the mixture, there is provided an adjustable valve 15.

The vstack is shown at 16 and through it waste gases may vent when the generator is is reversed there` through in the manner set forth in my Patent No. 992,840, May 23, 1911.

An over-How 17 is provided for the vaporizer 10 whereby the level of the water may be kept constant.

As thus far described, the generator' is my earlier Patents 925,415, June 15, 1909, and 992,840, May 23,

Disposed at the lower part of the generator or producer at the center thereof, is the gas off-take 18 which preferably extends down through the conical pier 3 and is preferably provided with a guard or hood19 which, by preference, is of conical form so that the ashes will readily gravtate thereover without having access tothe off-take 18. The off-take 18 communicates with an inclined drain and duet 20 which is provided with a draining valve 21, the end of the duct 2O being preferably received in a dry pit 22 in the concrete foundation 1, so

" that the impurities separated from the gas may be drawn off into the pit 22. To-separate the impurities carried Iby the gas, one or more Water sprinklers 23 are provided which, by cooling and spraying the gas,v

cause it to give up some of its heavy impurities. The sprinkler or sprinklers 23 are controlled by a valve .24 and the Water supply may be derived from any suitable source.

Rising from the duct 20 is apipe The gas may be taken from the pipe 25 to any suitable point, but is preferably passed from said pipe through suitable cleaning means which will cool and clean it of its impurities.

I wish it understoodthat in the present invention the side off-take 11 is not essential, certainly not as combined with the center off take 18, but to enable the gas to be drawn from either the center Aor side of the generator, means may be provided, such as now will be set forth, whereby the number of pipes and valves may be minimized and yet control lof both the side and center off-takes insured.. To that end the leg or pipe 25 is entered into` a coupling 20 which in turn is in communication with .a coupling 27, and 'that in turn is connected by al pipe With the ofi-take 11. Valves 28 .and 29 provide for estabiishing or closing communication between the oil-take 11 and the coupling 27 stance, to the cooler of the gas producer system with which the generator is used. In carrying out my invention, however, the talceolll 11 may .be entirely dispensed with and the gas may be taken from the oiftakc 18 in any desired manner.

The gas may be taken off substantially centrally of the ash zone in any manner, the purpose of the invention being to provide means for taking oft' the gas at this point, in connection with the delivery of a draft directly into the heated body of the fuel at .a plurality of points so that the draft converges toward the gas off-take.

Surniountingthe generator is a secondary .vaporizer 30 which may receive it- Water supply through any suitable` pipe 31 having a controlling valve 32 by which Water may be admitted thereto as desired. The air inlet pipes 12 pass down throughilihe secondary vaporizer 30, but have no dininunication therewith.

.Air is admitted to the secondary vaporizer through pipe 33, such supply being controlled by aI valve 34. the pipe 33 is pipe 35 which leadsto the space above the ivaterfin the primary vaporizer 10. A valve controls pipe 35.

W'hen the valve 36 is closed and valve 34 is opened, air will be 'admitted to the see-A ondary vaporizer 30. On closing the valve 34 and opening the valve 36, the surplus vapor and steam from the vaporizer 30 will pass into the primary vaporizer l0 and mingle `with the vapor therein to augment it so that the mixture rising through pipe 1.3 may thus be augmented for the purpose of additional treatment of the fire when desirable or necessary.

Opening into the interior of the generator or producer, through the walls thereof, are the secondary air and steam twyers 37. These twyers are disposed below` the fuel zone A and at or about the top ofthe coke zone B which in turn is above the ash Zone C. Heretofore in down draft suction gas generators or producers, a certain amount of the fuel in the upper part thereof has undergone only an imperfect combustion and passed through forni of coke due to the' imperfect distribution of the air and Vapor, either or both. My invention remedies this defect and infsures practically perfect gasification of the fuel. This is due, first, to the provision of the tivycrs or air, steam and vapor inlets 37; second, to the provision of the central gas off-take 18; and thirdly, to the conjoint Communicating with into the ashes in the use or combination of these twyers 4and the central otake. The twyers admit the air, vapor and 1 steam at numerous points in a ring pr atabout the samelevel in the fire lbelow the fuel zone and substantially at the `thereby obviating the Very considerable loss of fuel and decrease of efficiency which has heretofore prevailed.

The twyers 37 are connected by air, vapor and steam pipes 38 with the upper or secondary vaporizer 30 and the supply of air, steam and vapor is controlled by suitable valves'. Preferably, the twyers are arranged in sets and each set has its own pipe connection 38 and own valve `39, so that the supply of the steam air, and vapor from the secondary vaporizer 30 may be regulated for sections -of the generator or producer. Furthermore, each twyer may have a valve 40 so that one or more of the twyers of any set may be cut ofi' if desired.

The primary vapor, steam and air mii:-- ture, subject to .control by the valve or valves 15, is taken from the lower vaporizer :10 and: admitted through the in-take 14 as I have proposed to do in my earlier patents. The; secondary supply of air, vapor and steam is taken from the secondary Vaporizer 3G and, suitably distributed and regulated as maybe desired byl the valves 39 and 40, is admitted to the firebelow the upper zone I l and substantially at the upper part of the colle zone' and due to this and the pro vision of the center gas off-take 18, the air, steam and vapor are uniformly distributed throughout all parts of the fire, resulting in a practically perfect combustion and very great increase in eiiiciency.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y l. In a down-draft generator'adapted to maintain a lower 'fash zone an upper fuel zone and an .intermediate tire zone, means positioned and adapted .for delivering a draft directly into theheated body of the fuel in the re zone at a plurality of points of the outer part of said fire zone, in combination with a gas off-take arranged so that it will receive the as, substantially centrally of the ash zone, w ereby the downward draft iscaused to uniformly traverse all parts of said fire ,zone in a direction towsliird the receiving portion of the gas od'- ta e.

2. In a down-draft generator adapted to maintain a lower ash zone, an ,upper fuel' zone andan intermediate lire zone, means positioned and adapted for delivering a draft directly into the heated body of the fuel in the fire zone at a plurality of points of the outer part of said fire zone, in combination with a gas off-take arranged so that it will receive the vglas substantially centrally of the ash zone,`w ereby the downward draft is caused to uniformly traverse all parts of said re zone in a direction toward the receiving portion of the gas offtake, and means for admitting an independent primary draft into the uplper part of the generator in the region of t e fuel zone.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GUs'rAr AKERLUND. Witnesses: n

- C. P. `Woon,

HERBERT A. SAGE. 

